Grade 12 - STMG / Probability 17 exercises corrected

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1. Equally likely outcomes E.11860 Game 1: A bag contains five balls that are indis-tinguishable to the touch, one of which bears the letter N , two bear the letter G , and two bear the letter P . Game 2: A wheel with six identical angular sectors numbered from one to six. 1 We consider game 1 . We pick a ball at random from this wheel and note the letter written on the chosen ball. We consider that we have won if we pick the letter G . Show that the probability of winning with this game is 2 5 . 2 Consider game 2 . Spin the wheel and note the number written on the sec-tor pointed to by the arrow. You win if you land on a prime number. What is the probability of winning this game? 3 a Which game has the lowest probability of winning? b Propose a list of balls to add so that the probability of winning with game 1 is 1 4 . E.11861 A game consists of randomly drawing from a deck of 32 cards. The following events are considered : A : ˇ The card is a figure ı ; B : ˇ The card is rouge ı ; C : ˇ The card has a value between 8 and 10 ı 1 What is the probability of the event C ? 12 32 14 32 16 32 18 32 2 What is the probability of the event A ∪ B ? 16 32 17 32 22 32 23 32 3 What is the probability of the event B ∩ C ? 3 32 4 32 10 32 12 32 2. Union, intersection E.11863 In the window of a store A are presented a total of 45 models of shoes. Some are designed for the city, others for sports and come in three different colors: black, white or brown. 1 Complete the following table : Model For the city For the sport Total Noir 5 20 Blanc 7 Marron 3 Total 27 45 2 A random shoe model is chosen from this display case. a What is the probability of choosing a black model? b What is the probability of choosing a sports model? c What is the probability of choosing a brown colored city model? 3 In the store window B , there are 54 models of shoes, of which 30 are black. A shoe model is randomly selected from the A store win-dow and then from the B store window. In which of the two windows is there a greater chance of getting a black model? Justify. E.11864 The school administration reviews the number of students enrolled in the half-board program : The school has 852 students ; In total, there are 213 students enrolled in the ˇ day stu-dent ı ; For girls, 123 girls are enrolled in the ˇ day student ı pro-gram and 312 are enrolled in the half-board program 1 Copy and complete the table below : Boys Filles Total External Half-board Total Note: probabilities will be rounded to the nearest thou-sandth. 2 A student is chosen at random from this school: a What is the probability of choosing a boy enrolled as an external student? b What is the probability of choosing a boy? 3 When choosing a girl at random, what is the probability that this girl is enrolled as a " half-boarder" ? https://chingmath.fr chapExoCorrec/11860 sacados/11860 GPNPG 012345 chapExoCorrec/11861 sacados/11861 AsAsAsAsRRRRDDDDVVVV10101010999988887777♥♦♠♣ sacados/11863 chapExoCorrec/11864 sacados/11864
E.11865 A jeweler buys a batch of 220 Tahi-tian pearls. A quality controller is interested in their shapes (round or baroque) and colors (gray or green) . 77 beads are green in color, and of these 13 are round in shape ; There are 176 baroque-shaped beads. 1 Copy and complete the table below : Rondes Baroques Total Grises Vertes Total 2 Controller randomly draws a bead from the purchased bead lot a What is the probability that this bead is baroque in shape? b What is the probability of drawing a green baroque bead? 3 Of the round beads, what is the probability that the con-troller will choose a green colored bead? 3. E.11895 An urn contains two black balls and one white ball; each is numbered from 1 to 3 . The game con-sists of drawing two balls successively with delivery: i.e. a first ball is drawn, then returned to the urn before drawing a second ball. Here’s a decision tree based on the drawing of two balls : Once the two balls have been drawn, consider the two colors obtained and the order in which they were drawn 1 How many elementary events make up this random ex-periment? 2 Determine the probability of the following events : a A : ˇ The first ball drawn is blanche ı. b B : ˇ The two balls drawn are différentes ı colors. c C : ˇ The second ball is a noire ı ball. E.11896 Two wheels are available to obtain num-bers : the first wheel is numbered from 1 to 6 , the second wheel is numbered from 1 to 4 : The two wheels are assumed to be perfectly balanced and it is assumed that for each wheel, obtaining a number represents a situation of equiprobability. 1 These two wheels are used to construct an integer con-sisting of two digits : the first wheel will form the tens digit, the second wheel will be used for the units digit. a Construct the choice tree corresponding to this situa-tion. b Consider the following events : A : ˇ the number consists of the same two chiffres ı B : ˇ the units digit is strictly greater than the dizaines ı digit. Determine the probability of the events A and B . 2 We change the rules of the game: we add up the numbers obtained on the two wheels. Does this new experiment represent a situation of equiprobability? Justify your answer. https://chingmath.fr sacados/11865 sacados/11895 sacados/11896
E.11862 Consider the two urns below containing balls with numbers written on them : The random experiment consists of drawing a ball at random from urn A , then a ball at random from urn B , and calculat-ing the difference between them. 1 Construct the tree of possibilities for this random exper-iment. 2 What is the probability of obtaining a number strictly greater than 3 ? E.11897 There are two urns containing balls that are indistinguishable to the touch and marked with letters. Here is the contents of each urn : A ball is drawn at random from each urn and the word is formed using the two letters marked on these balls. 1 Complete the table below to obtain all the " words "pos-sible in this game. 2 What is the probability of obtaining a word whose letters are in alphabetical order? 4. E.11898 Une compagnie aérienne mène une enquête de satisfaction auprès de ses clients. Les deux questions posées lors de cette enquête sont les suivantes : ff Avez-vous acheté votre billet d’avion en agence de voy-age ou par internet ? ffi ff Êtes-vous satisfait des services proposés par notre com-pagnie ? ffi Les résultats sont donnés dans le tableau suivant : Billet acheté par internet Billet acheté en agence Total Satisfait 720 180 900 Pas satisfait 80 20 100 Total 800 200 1 000 On choisit au hasard un client ayant répondu aux deux ques-tions. On considère les deux événements suivants : S : ff Le client est satisfait ffi ; I : ff Le client a acheté son billet par internet ffi. 1 Déterminer les probabilités : a P S ∩ I b P S ∪ I Définition: soit A et B deux évènements (avec P B =0 ) . On définit la probabilité conditionnelle de A sachant B , la probabilité que A se réalise sachant que B est réalisé, qu’on note P B A . 1 Déterminer les probabilités conditionnelles : a P S I b P S I c P I S E.11899 Proposition: soit A et B deux évènements (avec P B = 0 ) , on a l’égalité: P A ∩ B = P B ×P B A Une étude porte sur les consultations d’un groupe de médecin et sur la prescription d’un médicament par les médecin. On choisit au hasard une de ces consultations et on considère les deux évènements : E : " le patient est un enfant. " M : " le médecin a prescrit ce médicament. " Sur cette étude : 30 % des consultations concernées des enfants. Lors de la consultation d’un adulte, 10 % des consulta-tions ont été suivi de la prescription de ce médicament. lors de la consultation d’un enfant, 20 % des consulta-tions ont eu la prescription de ce médicament. Déterminer les probabilités suivantes : a P E ∩ M b P E ∩ M c P E ∩ M 5. https://chingmath.fr chapExoCorrec/11862 sacados/11862 123546UrneBUrneA sacados/11897 ABCABCDUrne1Urne2 ABCDABCUrne2Urne1 sacados/11898 sacados/11899
E.11900 On considère une expérience aléatoire et A et B deux évènements réalisant l’arbre de probabilité ci-dessous : Déterminer les probabilités suivantes : a P A ∩ B b P A ∩ B E.11901 On considère une expérience aléatoire et A et B deux évènements réalisant l’arbre de probabilité ci-dessous : Déterminer les probabilités suivantes : a P A ∩ B b P A ∩ B E.11902 On considère une expérience aléatoire et A et B deux de ses évènements. Voici une partie de l’arbre de probabilité associé à cette ex-périence : 1 Compléter l’arbre de probabilité. 2 Déterminer la probabilité P A ∩ B . E.11903 On considère une expérience aléatoire et A et B deux de ses évènements. Voici une partie de l’arbre de probabilité associé à cette ex-périence : De plus, on a l’information: P A ∩ B = 0 ; 12 Déterminer la probabilité P A B . E.11904 On considère une expérience aléatoire et A et B deux de ses évènements. Voici une partie de l’arbre de probabilité associé à cette ex-périence : De plus, on a l’information: P A ∩ B = 0 ; 08 Déterminer la probabilité P A B . E.11905 On considère une expérience aléatoire et A et B deux de ses évènements. Voici une partie de l’arbre de probabilité associé à cette ex-périence : 1 Compléter l’arbre de probabilité. 2 Déterminer la probabilité P A ∩ B . https://chingmath.fr sacados/11900 0;30;4B0;6BA0;70;8B0;2BA sacados/11901 0;30;4B0;6BA0;70;2B0;8BA sacados/11902 0;3BBA0;6B0;8BA sacados/11903 BBA0;4BBA sacados/11904 0;6BBABBA sacados/11905 0;7BBA0;2B0;5BA