- Study of variations (24 exercices)
- Sequels and threshold search (7 exercices)
- Auxiliary sequences: variations (3 exercices)
E.7756
Reminders:
for
all
real
numbers
a
and
b
and
for
all
relative
integers
n
and
m
,
we
have
:
a
0
=
1
a
1
=
a
a
n
×
a
m
=
a
n
+
m
a
n
a
m
=
a
n
−
m
(
a
=0
)
a
n
m
=
a
n
×
m
a
n
×
b
n
=
a
×
b
n
a
n
b
n
=
a
b
n
(
b
=0
)
In
this
exercise,
we
will
highlight
the
monotonicity
of
the
se-quences
using
the
quotient
method.
1
The
sequence
u
n
n
∈
N
is
defined
by:
u
n
=
1
2
n
for
all
n
∈
N
Show
that
u
n
is
strictly
decreasing.
2
Consider
the
sequence
v
n
n
∈
N
defined
by:
v
n
=
3
n
4
for
all
n
∈
N
.
Show
that
v
n
is
strictly
increasing.
E.7762
Let
v
n
n
∈
N
be
the
sequence
defined
by
the
following
recurrence
relation:
v
n
+1
=
v
n
−
v
n
2
−
1
for
all
n
∈
N
and
the
initial
condition
v
0
=2
.
1
Using
a
calculator,
complete
the
table
below
:
n
0
1
2
3
4
u
n
2
By
studying
the
difference
between
two
consecutive
terms,
show
that
the
sequence
v
n
is
decreasing.
E.7757
Study
the
sense
of
variation
of
each
of
the
following
sequences
:
1
The
sequence
u
n
is
defined
by
the
explicit
formula
:
u
n
=
3
2
n
for
all
n
∈
N
2
The
sequence
v
n
is
defined
by
the
explicit
formula
:
v
n
=
3
2
n
for
all
n
∈
N
E.4585
Consider
the
sequence
u
n
n
∈
N
whose
term
of
rank
n
is
given
by
the
formula
:
u
n
=
n
2
−
7
n
+
1
1
Using
a
calculator,
complete
the
table
below
:
n
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
u
n
2
After
giving
the
table
of
variations
of
the
function
f
whose
image
of
x
is
defined
by:
f
(
x
)
=
x
2
−
7
x
+
1
Establish
that
the
sequence
u
n
is
increasing
from
rank
4
onwards.
E.4586
In
this
exercise,
we
will
use
the
difference
method
to
prove
the
monotonicity
of
the
sequences
:
1
Soit
u
n
n
∈
N
the
sequence
whose
rank
term
n
is
defined
by:
u
n
=
−
32
n
+
102
Show
that
this
sequence
is
decreasing.
2
Let
v
n
n
∈
N
∗
be
the
sequence
whose
term
of
rank
n
is
defined
by:
v
n
=
2
n
−
1
Show
that
this
sequence
is
increasing.
3
Let
w
n
n
∈
N
∗
be
the
sequence
whose
rank
term
n
is
de-fined
by:
w
n
=
2
n
−
25
n
Show
that
the
sequence
w
n
is
increasing.
E.7758
Consider
the
arithmetic
sequence
u
n
of
first
term
5
and
reason
2
.
1
Give
the
first
four
terms
of
the
sequence
u
n
.
2
Express
the
value
of
the
term
u
n
as
a
function
of
its
rank
n
.
3
Show
that
the
sequence
u
n
is
increasing.
E.7759
Consider
the
geometric
sequence
v
n
of
first
term
24
and
reason
1
2
.
1
Give
the
first
four
terms
of
the
sequence
v
n
.
2
Express
the
value
of
the
term
v
n
as
a
function
of
its
rank
n
.
3
Show
that
the
sequence
v
n
is
decreasing.
E.7779
A
company
decides
to
go
public.
When
it
goes
public,
the
price
of
one
share
is
50
e
.
It
hopes
that
its
share
price
will
increase
by
5
%
per
year.
Let
u
0
be
the
share
price
when
it
goes
public
and
u
n
,
for
any
strictly
positive
integer
n
,
the
share
price
after
n
years.
1
Give
the
nature
and
characteristic
elements
of
the
se-quence
u
n
.
2
a
Give
the
explicit
formula
for
the
rank
term
n
of
the
sequence
u
n
.
b
Give
the
share
price
after
10
years
3
a
Give
the
direction
of
variation
of
the
sequence
u
n
.
Justify
your
answer.
b
Using
the
calculator,
determine
after
how
many
years
the
share
price
will
exceed
100
e
.
https://chingmath.fr
chapExoCorrec/7756
sacados/7756
chapExoCorrec/7762
sacados/7762
chapExoCorrec/7757
sacados/7757
chapExoCorrec/4585
sacados/4585
chapExoCorrec/4586
sacados/4586
chapExoCorrec/7758
sacados/7758
chapExoCorrec/7759
sacados/7759
chapExoCorrec/7779
sacados/7779
23456I234JOCf
E.7763
1
Consider
the
sequence
u
n
defined
for
any
integer
n
pos-itive
or
zero
(
n
∈
N
)
by
the
relation:
u
n
=
3
·
n
+
5
a
Establish
that
the
term
of
rank
n
+1
admits
as
expres-sion
:
u
n
+1
=
3
·
n
+
8
b
By
studying
the
sign
of
u
n
+1
−
u
n
,
show
that
the
se-quence
u
n
is
increasing.
2
Consider
the
sequence
v
n
defined
for
any
integer
n
pos-itive
or
zero
(
n
∈
N
)
by
the
relation:
v
n
=
−
2
·
n
2
+
n
+
2
a
Establish
that
the
term
of
rank
n
+1
admits
for
expres-sion
:
v
n
+1
=
−
2
·
n
2
−
3
·
n
+
1
b
Establish
that
the
consecutive
difference
of
two
terms
of
the
sequence
v
n
has
the
expression
:
v
n
+1
−
v
n
=
−
4
·
n
−
1
c
Deduce
that
the
sequence
v
n
is
a
decreasing
sequence
on
N
.
E.4619
Consider
the
function
f
defined
on
R
+
by
the
relation:
f
(
x
)
=
6
x
−
2
2
x
+
1
In
the
coordinate
system
O
;
I
;
J
orthonormal
coordinate
system,
we
consider
the
curve
C
f
representing
the
function
f
:
The
line
Δ
is
the
first
bisector
of
the
plane
;
its
Cartesian
equation
is
y
=
x
.
1
a
Establish
the
equality:
f
(
x
)
−
x
=
−
2
x
2
+
5
x
−
2
2
x
+
1
b
Determine
the
sign
table
for
the
expression
f
(
x
)
−
x
over
the
interval
0
;
+
∞
.
c
Deduce
the
relative
positions
of
the
curves
C
f
and
Δ
on
0
;
+
∞
.
2
Consider
the
sequence
u
n
définie
by:
u
0
=
6
;
u
n
+1
=
f
u
n
a
Represent,
on
the
abscissa
axis
of
the
reference
frame,
the
first
six
terms
of
the
sequence
u
n
(the
construc-tion
lines
will
be
left
visible)
.
b
Determine
the
value
of
the
first
three
terms
of
the
se-quence
u
n
c
All
terms
in
the
sequence
are
assumed
to
be
greater
than
or
equal
to
2
.
Deduce
that
the
sequence
u
n
is
decreasing.
E.4607
For
each
question,
determine,
by
study-ing
the
difference
u
n
+1
−
u
n
,
the
direction
of
variation
of
the
sequence
u
n
defined
by:
a
u
n
=
3
n
2
+
n
+
1
b
u
n
=
2
n
+
3
n
−
1
c
u
n
+1
=
u
n
+
2
n
+
1
;
u
0
=
−
2
d
u
n
+1
=
u
n
−
n
+
5
;
u
0
=
2
E.4606
For
each
question,
use
the
calculator
to
make
a
conjecture
about
the
direction
of
variation
of
the
sequence
u
n
on
N
defined
by:
a
u
n
=
n
3
−
2
n
2
−
3
n
b
u
n
=
5
n
n
+
2
c
u
n
=
3
1
+
(
−
1)
n
+
4
d
u
n
=
2
n
2
+
1
2
n
+
5
E.4605
For
each
of
the
following
questions,
de-termine
the
direction
of
variation
of
the
sequence
u
n
n
∈
N
:
a
u
n
=
1
2
n
−
1
4
b
u
n
=
3
−
2
n
c
u
n
=
−
2
n
2
−
3
n
+
2
d
u
n
=
3
n
2
−
7
n
+
4
2.
Sequels
and
threshold
search
E.7204
A
shopkeeper
who
has
just
opened
a
bou-tique
notices
that
his
sales
start
at
25
000
euros
per
month
and
increase
every
month
by
2
%
.
He
decides
to
model
his
sales
progression
as
u
n
where
u
0
represents
sales
when
the
store
opens.
1
Give
the
nature
and
characteristics
of
the
sequence
u
n
.
2
a
Using
the
calculator,
determine
after
how
many
months
his
sales
will
exceed
30
000
euros.
b
Complete
the
algorithm
so
that,
at
the
end
of
its
exe-cution,
the
variable
n
has
the
value
of
the
number
of
months
to
wait
before
its
sales
exceed
30
000
euros.
‘
.1
n
←
0
‘
.
2
u
←
25
000
‘
.3
As
long
as
.
..
make
‘
.4
n
←
...
‘
.5
u
←
...
‘
.6
End
As
long
as
https://chingmath.fr
chapExoCorrec/7763
sacados/7763
chapExoCorrec/4619
sacados/4619
23456I234JOCf
chapExoCorrec/4607
sacados/4607
chapExoCorrec/4606
sacados/4606
chapExoCorrec/4605
sacados/4605
chapExoCorrec/7204
sacados/7204
E.7209
In
order
to
combat
air
pollution,
as
early
as
the
year
2013
certain
companies
were
obliged
to
reduce
the
quantity
of
polluting
products
they
released
into
the
air
each
year.
These
companies
discharged
410
tonnes
of
these
pollutants
in
2013
and
332
tonnes
in
2015
.
The
annual
rate
of
decrease
in
the
mass
of
pollutants
released
is
assumed
to
be
constant.
1
Justify
that
the
year-on-year
change
can
be
considered
to
correspond
to
a
decrease
of
10
%
.
2
This
rate
of
10
%
is
assumed
to
remain
constant
for
the
coming
years.
a
Using
the
calculator,
determine
from
which
year
on-wards
the
quantity
of
pollutants
discharged
by
these
companies
will
no
longer
exceed
the
threshold
of
180
tonnes
set
by
the
departmental
council.
b
Complete
the
algorithm
below
so
that
the
variable
n
has,
at
the
end
of
its
execution,
the
value
of
the
year
in
which
the
quantity
of
pollutants
discharged
will
not
exceed
180
tonnes.
n
←
0
u
←
410
As
long
as
...
n
←
n+1
u
←
u
×
0.9
End
As
long
as
n
←
n+...
E.7600
Consider
the
geometric
sequence
u
n
with
first
term
1
and
common
ratio
2
.
Consider
the
code
:
Function
f(n)
u
←
1
For
i
ranging
from
1
to
n
u
←
2
×
u
End
For
Return
u
The
function
call
f(n)
returns
the
value
of
the
term
of
the
sequence
u
n
of
rank
n
to
the
program.
Complete
the
table
of
values
below
:
n
0
1
2
10
20
u
n
E.7569
A
website
offers
its
subscribers
movies
to
download.
When
it
opens,
500
films
are
offered
and
each
month
the
num-ber
of
films
offered
to
subscribers
increases
by
6
%
.
We
model
the
number
of
films
offered
by
a
sequence
u
n
where
n
denotes
the
number
of
months
since
the
site
opened.
1
Calculate
u
0
,
u
1
and
u
2
and
give
the
result
rounded
to
the
nearest
unit.
2
Give
the
nature
and
characteristic
elements
of
the
se-quence
u
n
.
Express
u
n
as
a
function
of
n
.
3
Determine
the
value
of
the
rank
term
6
rounded
to
unity.
4
Using
the
calculator,
determine
after
how
many
months
the
number
of
films
offered
exceeds
800
films
offered.
E.7570
A
small
town
has
a
municipal
bicycle
rental
service.
The
municipality
would
like
information
on
the
number
of
bicycles
in
circulation
and
the
cost
involved.
The
manager
of
the
bike
rental
service
notes
that
between
un-usable
bikes,
because
lost,
stolen
or
damaged,
and
new
bikes
acquired,
the
number
of
usable
bikes
increases
by
5
%
every
year.
On
1
er
January
2017
,
the
fleet
contains
200
usable
bikes.
We
model
the
evolution
of
the
number
of
usable
bikes
by
a
sequence
u
n
in
which,
for
any
natural
integer
n
,
u
n
is
the
number
of
bicycles
on
1
er
January
of
the
year
2017+
n
.
Thus,
u
0
=200
and,
for
any
natural
number
n
:
u
n
+1
=
1.05
×
u
n
.
1
a
Justify
the
coefficient
1.05
in
the
expression
of
u
n
+1
as
a
function
of
u
n
.
b
How
many
bicycles
will
there
be
in
this
park
at
1
er
January
2018
?
2
The
municipality
has
decided
to
stop
buying
new
bikes
as
soon
as
its
stock
exceeds
500
units.
In
which
year
will
the
municipal
service’s
stock
exceed
500
bikes
for
the
first
time?
E.7599
Consider
the
geometric
sequence
u
n
,
with
common
ratio
0.9
and
first
term
u
0
=50
.
1
a
Copy
and
complete
the
algorithm
so
that,
at
the
end
of
its
execution,
the
variable
U
has
the
value
25
e
,
which
is
the
term
of
this
sequence,
i.e.,
u
24
:
U
←
...
For
N
ranging
from
1
to
24
U
←
...
End
For
b
For
any
natural
number
n
,
express
u
n
in
terms
of
n
.
c
Calculate
u
24
,
then
give
its
value
rounded
to
the
near-est
10
−
3
.
2
Determine
the
smallest
natural
number
n
such
that
:
u
n
<
0.01
.
E.7595
A
store
offers
a
loyalty
card
to
enjoy
benefits
when
making
purchases.
In
the
first
year,
the
loyalty
card
was
offered
to
200
customers.
We
observe
that
the
number
of
customers
with
the
loyalty
card
increases
by
6
%
per
year.
We
model
the
number
of
loyalty
card
holders
by
a
sequence
u
n
where
n
denotes
the
number
of
years
since
the
store
opened.
1
Calculate
u
0
,
u
1
and
u
2
and
give
the
result
rounded
to
unity.
2
Give
the
nature
of
the
sequence
and
its
characteristic
elements.
Express
u
n
as
a
function
of
n
.
3
Determine
the
value
of
the
rank
term
6
,
rounded
to
the
nearest
unit.
4
Using
the
calculator,
determine
after
how
many
years
the
number
of
loyalty
card
holders
exceeds
400
people.
https://chingmath.fr
chapExoCorrec/7209
sacados/7209
chapExoCorrec/7600
sacados/7600
chapExoCorrec/7569
sacados/7569
chapExoCorrec/7570
sacados/7570
chapExoCorrec/7599
sacados/7599
chapExoCorrec/7595
sacados/7595
3.
Auxiliary
sequences:
variations
E.6017
Consider
the
sequence
u
n
defined
by:
u
0
=
7
;
u
n
+1
=
1
3
·
u
n
+
4
for
any
integer
n
∈
N
1
Consider
the
sequence
v
n
defined
by
the
following
re-lation
for
any
natural
number
n
:
v
n
=
u
n
−
6
a
Establish
the
equality
below
for
any
natural
number
n
:
v
n
+1
=
1
3
·
v
n
b
Give
the
first
term
of
the
sequence
v
n
.
c
Give
the
direction
of
variation
of
the
sequence
v
n
.
2
Deduce
the
direction
of
variation
of
the
sequence
u
n
.
E.6042
Consider
the
sequence
u
n
defined
on
N
by
the
relation:
u
0
=
1
;
u
n
+1
=
1
2
·
u
n
−
3
for
all
n
∈
N
1
Define
the
sequence
v
n
on
N
by
the
relation:
v
n
=
2
·
u
n
+
12
a
Prove
the
relation:
v
n
+1
=
1
2
·
v
n
for
all
n
∈
N
.
b
Give
the
expression
of
the
terms
of
the
sequence
v
n
in
terms
of
n
.
Justify
your
approach.
2
a
Justify
that
for
any
natural
number
n
,
we
have
:
u
n
=
14
·
1
2
n
+1
−
6
b
Deduce
the
direction
of
variation
of
the
sequence
u
n
E.6063
Let
u
n
be
the
numerical
sequence
defined
on
N
by:
u
0
=
3
;
u
n
+1
=
2
·
u
n
−
n
+
1
for
n
∈
N
.
1
Calculate
u
1
,
u
2
and
u
3
.
2
We
denote
by
v
n
the
sequence
defined
on
N
by:
v
n
=
u
n
−
n
a
Justify
that
for
any
natural
number
n
,
we
have
the
re-lationship
:
v
n
+1
=
2
·
v
n
.
b
Determine
the
nature
and
characteristic
elements
of
the
sequence
v
n
.
3
a
Justify
that
for
any
natural
number
n
,
we
have
:
u
n
=
3
×
2
n
+
n
.
b
Deduce
the
direction
of
variation
of
the
sequence
u
n
.
4.
Unclassified
financial
years
E.5817
Consider
the
sequence
u
n
de-fined
by
its
first
term
u
1
=
3
2
and
the
recurrence
relation:
u
n
+1
=
n
·
u
n
+
1
2(
n
+
1)
pour
tout
n
∈
N
∗
We
define
an
auxiliary
sequence
v
n
by:
v
n
=
n
·
u
n
−
1
for
any
integer
n
1
1
Show
that
the
sequence
v
n
is
geometric;
specify
its
reason
and
first
term.
2
Deduce
that,
for
any
natural
number
n
1
,
we
have
:
u
n
=
1
+
(0.5)
n
n
3
Determine
the
limit
of
the
sequence
u
n
.
4
Justify
that,
for
any
integer
n
1
,
we
have
:
u
n
+1
−
u
n
=
−
1
+
(1
+
0.5
n
)
·
(0
;
5)
n
n
·
(
n
+
1)
Deduce
the
direction
of
variation
of
the
sequence
u
n
.
https://chingmath.fr
chapExoCorrec/6017
sacados/6017
chapExoCorrec/6042
sacados/6042
chapExoCorrec/6063
sacados/6063
chapExoCorrec/5817
sacados/5817